Chess is both a recreational as well as competitive game that is played between two opposing players. The present-day form of this game become known in Southern Europe after the involvement from similar, and much older Indian and Persian game origins during the 15th century’s second half. As of now, chess is one of the most popular games in the world, played by billions of people at home, in clubs, on the internet, on the correspondence, as well as in tournaments worldwide.
The chess game is played on a checkered square chessboard with 64 squares in an eight by eight equally divided grid. At the beginning of the game, each of the players (the one player controls the white pieces and the other player controls the black pieces) control sixteen of the pieces: one King, one Queen, two of the Rooks, two Knights, two Bishops, and eight Pawns. The main objective of the chess game is to checkmate the opposing King, whereby the opponent’s King is under an immediate attack called check, and there is no other way or available move to remove or block the attack on the next movement.
The traditional competitive chess first started in the 16th century. Since then, it has developed substantially. The chess today is a well recognized sport game of the International Olympic Committee. Wilhelm Steinitz, the first official World chess champion has claimed his title in 1886. Extensive studies on chess strategies and tactics since the existence of the game has been developed by theoreticians in order to make it more fun and enjoyable to play. Fundamentals of arts are also found in its compositions.
One of the main goals of the early computer scientists was to develop a kind of chess-playing machine. In today’s modern technology, the game was profoundly influenced by the current chess programs’ abilities as well as the ability to compete and play against human players online. In the year 1997, the first computer to beat the reigning world champion Garry Kasparov in a match is Deep Blue.
Chess game is played on a square board game consisting of eight equally divide rows called the ranks and denoted with 1-8 counts and eight equally divided columns called files and denoted with a-h letters of squares. The colors are alternating light and dark squares. The board is positioned with a light square at the end of right hand rank nearest to each player.
The pieces are conventionally divided into sets of white and black. The players are also referred to as white and black. Each starts the game with sixteen specified color pieces. These composed of one king, one queen, two bishops, two knights, two rooks, and eight pawns.
White is always the one who moves first. Then the players alternately move one piece at a time. The pieces are moved to either the square which is unoccupied or occupied square of the opposing piece, capturing it, and removing it from the game. The more the pieces you capture, the more the chance you can win the game.